Funny Birthday Card Messages and Quotes

Theres not much better  than a spot-on,  hilarious  line  to tickle your funny bone. Everyone wants to wish the birthday person Happy birthday in their own style -- so why not use some humor? Some people like to use inspirational birthday quotes  to express their good wishes, while  others enjoy making witty comments about birthdays. However, the ones that are always appealing are the funny birthday quotes. Humor can be a great stress-buster, especially if your comedic timing is on point.   How Much Is Too Much? Jokes are always great icebreakers, but what if you cross the threshold of decency? What if your joke, instead of causing ripples of laughter, causes bubbles of fury? To be able to deliver a funny birthday message, you need to be sensitive towards others. If the birthday person has a low tolerance for personal jokes, steer clear of the common pitfalls. That means, no jokes about weight, color, race, gender, or any physical deformity. Politically incorrect humor can boomerang, especially when used in birthday cards. Funny birthday wishes that tease someone about their habits, fears, or idiosyncrasies are usually considered acceptable.Humor also has to be tailored keeping in mind your relation to the birthday person. If you are sending a birthday wish to a very close friend or family member, you can be more wicked in your humor. But you may want to think twice about using dirty humor with your  boss, for example. The Done to Death Humor Some jokes are fun the first time you read them, however, when you read the same joke year after year, you tend to get tired of it -- it is hard to even smile over the stale joke. If you want to pep up your friend with funny quotes, make sure that you have not used them before. If you cant create your own humor, use the help of random funny quotes to create your own humorous line. Say What You Mean, Mean What You Say Humor is a potent medium of communication, and sometimes you run the risk of over communicating. What does that mean? Well, some jokes are full of innuendo, leaving room for different types of interpretation. So watch out for the ones that take off on a tangent. If you intend to use a pun, make sure that you are not offending anybodys sensibilities. How to Use Funny Birthday Messages To successfully pull off a side-splitting birthday message, heres what to do: Think about the person you are sending the birthday message to, and ask yourself, Whats unique about this person? Perhaps she or he is lazy, a workaholic, perhaps she has many pets or is a stickler for cleanliness. Then use this information to scout around the Internet for funny birthday quotes. Having found one that fits the bill, you can either use the original or tweak it to suit your humor style. That way, youll have an original greeting every time you send out birthday wishes. Famous Funny Birthday Quotes   Bette DavisOld age is not for sissies. ​ Satchel PaigeHow old would you be if you didnt know how old you are?​ Mitch Hedberg I wanted to buy a candle holder, but the store didnt have one. So I got a cake. ​ Doug CouplandHandmade presents are scary because they reveal that you have too much free time. ​ Norman WisdomAs you get older, three things happen: The first is your memory goes, and I cant remember the other two.   Franklin AdamsThe worst gift is a fruitcake. There is only one fruitcake in the entire world, and people keep sending it to each other. ​ Al FormanI occasionally get birthday cards from fans. But it’s often the same message: They hope it’s my last. ​ J. P. SearsLet us respect gray hairs, especially our own.​ Maurice ChevalierOld age isn’t so bad when you consider the alternative. ​ Benny HillHave you noticed that all the people in favor of birth control are already born? ​ Friedrich NietzscheBlessed are the forgetful: for they get the better even of their blunders. ​ Josh BillingsEvery man has his follies -- and often they are the most interesting thing he has got. ​ Jane AustenYou have delighted us long enough. I have met a lot of hardboiled eggs in my time, but youre twenty minutes. Sometimes the road less traveled is less traveled for a reason. ​ Bill CosbyA word to the wise aint necessary -- its the stupid ones that need the advice. ​ C. E. M. JoadMen are like wine. Some turn to vinegar, but the best improve with age. ​ John P. GrierYou are only young once, but you can be immature for a lifetime. ​ Jim GaffiganPie can’t compete with cake. Put candles in a cake, it’s a birthday cake. Put candles in a pie, and somebody’s drunk in the kitchen. ​ Steven WrightFor my birthday I got a humidifier and a dehumidifier. I put them in the same room and let them fight it out. I can stand brute force, but brute reason is quite unbearable. There is something unfair about its use. It is hitting below the intellect. ​ Dorothy ParkerIf you want to know what God thinks of money, just look at the people he gave it to. ​ Colonel SandersTheres no reason to be the richest man in the cemetery. You cant do any business from there. ​ Jack HandeyBefore you criticize someone, you should walk a mile in their shoes. That way when you criticize them, you are a mile away from them and you have their shoes.

Models are Dying To Be Skinny - 1240 Words

We are always surrounded by ads and magazines showing extremely thin models, and are always getting shown dieting ads. A big problem in our society is everyone being so concerned with their weight and always striving to be thinner. A big question for our society, is whether or not models have a minimum weigh limit. Also, would a model’s weight affect our society at all if there became a minimum weight limit that models have to be ? According to health care communications , one study showed that sixty nine percent of girls in 5th through 12th grade has said that magazine images have influenced their idea of a perfect body shape. Out of these girls, forty seven percent were influenced to lose weight to obtain the perfect body image that they saw in the magazine images. Although losing weight could be a good thing if you’re unhealthily overweight, the study showed that only twenty nine percent of the girls that were influenced to lose weight were actually overweight. T his same study showed that 4 out of 5 women are not satisfied with their own appearance. According to the Huffington Post , many models images show up on â€Å"Pro-Ana† websites. â€Å"Pro-Ana† websites are websites that encourage people to have eating disorders in order to become skinny. These websites use the pictures of the very thin models as â€Å"thinspo,† or â€Å"thinspiration,† which means inspiration to be thin. The people that are visiting these websites desire to look like these models and become as thin as them byShow MoreRelatedEating Disorders1137 Words   |  5 PagesThe modeling industry has taken a toll on young girls across the world today. Models, magazines, television even the radio advertise thin is in. Because of this girls feel pressured that they need to look a certain way in order to look good. People need to start realizing that you can be curvy and still look excellent. Society needs to urge the fashion industry and media to s top portraying the perfect skinny, toothpick image because it is causing a huge array of health related problems to womanRead MoreEating Disorders : Celebrities And Teen Girls974 Words   |  4 Pagesbe causing a weight drop in people around the world. Kelly Cutrone, owner of People’s Revolution, states that models are born with the characteristics needed to model, and these models are not unhealthy. Also, Psychologist Douglas Bunnell states that stars simply show the horrors of eating disorders, and how people should avoid disorders of this kind. However, it seems as though the models are underweight as many have passed out because of dehydration. In refutation to Bunnell, it seems, through studiesRead MoreDieting And Fitness Routines That Can Help Me Lose Weight1469 Words   |  6 PagesFlipping through the latest â€Å"Seventeen† magazine, my eyes centralize solely on the teenage models posing in tight fitting clothes with the headline saying, â€Å"How to Look Hot†. I carefully read the tips on diets and fitness routines that could help me lose weight. My intent was to appear as skinny as the girls in the magazine. If I did not look like them, I would not be attractive. I mentally prompt myself to stay clear of carbs and to eat three meals a day with only snacks less than a hundred caloriesRead MoreThe Media Has Destroyed Teenage Girl’s Self Confidence913 Words   |  4 Pagesstance by explaining how the standards of beauty have been unrealistic, as teenagers are drawn into what they see and try to become what the media portrays. Graydon, also goes on to say that the exposure of unrealistically thin and beautiful female models and actors has teenagers obsessed with appearance or develop an eating disorder. Others might argue that having the media portray thin women has been helping teens stay looking â€Å"healthy.† I agree that too many teenagers are fixated on the media whichRead MoreThe Negative Effects of the Fash ion Industry on Eating Disorders1290 Words   |  6 PagesEating Disorders While it’s fashion week in London, the size â€Å"zero† models start to prepare for the big show by purging to be as thin as possible. Most models starve themselves in order to achieve the â€Å"waif†, stick-thin figure; it becomes so addictive, almost like second nature that it further leads to serious eating disorders. From recent studies, today’s model weighs about 23% less than the normal woman. Clearly, most models do not depict the average woman. Men and women all over the world followRead MoreEating Disorders : Anorexia Nervosa998 Words   |  4 Pagesfat. In reference parents allude to magazines only illustrating women with slim bodies that most females desire in life. Therefore, many young women follow the trends but fail to realize in an early stage of their incapability of having a body of a model, so females develop an obsession of having a fit body which leads them to begin their journey towards a â€Å"healthy diet†. In conclusion tha t’s when Anorexia and Bulimia slowly initiates. Likewise, both Anorexia and Bulimia Have Physical effectsRead MoreThe Influence of the Modeling Industry on Society799 Words   |  3 Pagesown body. More people feel insecure about themselves because society expects them to look like a model. Especially teenagers are targeted in an early age that if the teens are thin and pretty then they will become successful and happy in life like the models in the magazines. If only they knew that models are not so happy as they seem. The fashion industry obsession with thinness leaves the models a high risk of developing anorexia (Hawkes).â€Å"Not everything in life is what it seems.† The media isRead MoreThe Perfect Body Debate1091 Words   |  5 Pagesto be extremely skinny and will do anything to achieve this look even if it means starving themselves and rarely eating. Some women do not care for this look, and they like to have a little more size than say a supermodel would. Due to this, it has caused an ongoing debate about which side looks better and often causes fights. One of the most popular clothing brand stores named â€Å"Victoria’s Secret† released an image of eight â€Å"Angels† as Victoria’s Secret likes to call their models. These eight womenRead MoreShould Weight Loss Supplement Advertisements Be Banned?1233 Words   |  5 Pagesmanufacturers of diet supplements only market these products to increase their profit. If only the advertising of these products could be banned, there are so much healthy practices some athletes would take into consideration to lose weight and not risk dying on the field. However, some may not agree, but we live in a free world market and advertisers have the right to advertise any product that they want. advertising industry brings a lot of advantages nowadays as they give us information that we haveRead MoreMedias Influence On Eating Disorders1767 Words   |  8 Pages â€Å"Dying to be Perfect†: Medias’ Influence on Eating Disorders Poet Allen Ginsberg once said that â€Å"whoever controls the media-the images-controls the culture†, and nothing could be truer than this. Media plays a larger role in society within this generation more than many of us are aware of. It can easily impact people’s lives through aspects such as sports, fashion, movies or hobbies, but unfortunately, one of these impacts is how we view our body. Media constantly

Mha 601 Free Essays

Name: Erika Hernandez MHA601:    Principles of Health Care Administration Professor: Alisa Wagner Date: March 4, 2013 Avoiding Errors in Healthcare Management The health care organizations, managers develop new ways to address these errors among the postmodern and complexity adaptive systems (CAS). Managers must develop strategies for advantages of learning that if change is applied to our management skills in which is being implemented by the postmodern and complexity adaptive systems to become production. They are being faced with many challenges in any situation at our everyday employment or job setting. We will write a custom essay sample on Mha 601 or any similar topic only for you Order Now They must be able to determine what is correct when making decisions while knowing and learning to do what is right for the health care organization. In this assignment, I will cover the ten error scenarios and the explanation on why they are errors in healthcare management organizations. The first error that I will explain is failing to accountability for employee to learn safe machine operation methods by experimenting on their own. This error will allow them to exclude a step by step process, which a step by step process is what makes the organization operate at its best. I believe that the employees will benefit and develop their own way of processing these machines operations to better their job performance. Keeping a minimum routine can reduce the quality of product. The second error is training all employees with the same orientation program regardless of the cultural interpretation. In the United States, we live in a huge diverse world as time changes and also we retrieve the information given to us differently as well as how we interpret the information. The main point of managers is not to compare or contrast any situation, but to correct the way of everyone’s training. Our text mentions, postmodern and complexity adaptive system that both of them address problems between what people observe and what they think things should be. The next error is disciplining one employee, expecting a modest change in behaviour but getting a union response. The quality of relationships within a healthcare organization may be more important than the quality of the people, because healthcare organizations are essentially relational in their structures, processes, and functions (Stroebel, 2005). Healthcare organization relies greatly on the influence of the employees to establish a great relationship within the organization. An example would be having a great relationship with the patients and families as well. Another error is changing a work process without considering the role of communities of practice on the work performance. In this error, the employee with a disciplining can be a reflection of a change in the work place setting. We as managers must develop strategies on any change without the employees initiating and the outcome could be to better the organization. Healthcare management plays a huge important role that for them to know what their role is and how to execute their role and to receive the best outcome is hard work. The next error that I will discuss in addressing is assuming that employees will not reallocate work assignments based on their perception of the best arrangement even after receiving work allocation assignments from managements. If managers do not receive the correct information in the allocated time, they do not understand the dynamic of satisfying our clients. Being organized is the most important thing that can be handled properly to assure the best way for our organization. Another error is ignoring the speed of informal messages as they fail to manage rumours in a productive manner. We can provide an environment of psychological safety that will help workers develop an attitude toward innovation that enables them to act with a presumption of personal and professional confidence (Edmondson, 1996). This error can mean generating a negative energy throughout the health care organization and by providing positive environments can create positive production. The next error is failing to treat the organization’s dominant logic as an emergent property of the system, instead treating it as something that can be imposed on the system. In this error, we must prepare ourselves of what is we are going to receive as sometimes we do not want to know what the outcome really would be. In our hospital, we are having some of these errors that now they are being planned to better our organization for the best of the employees. Next, we have looking for one bad apple in a group as a strategy for improving work quality while the quality of output may be an emergent property of the group can also be an error. This can lead to paying attention to the irrelevant things that exist in the organization. For example, we set up control systems and end up watching the control system instead of the systems (Weick, 1985). The fact that the release of the any new product may change the market in such a way as it makes the market analysis incorrect. Our world is continuously change the ability to respond creatively to market analysis can lead to unexpected situations either to any healthcare setting organizations. I think by creating an environment where the whole people would feel free to discuss both the positive and negative outcomes of unintended events, and where the sharing of ideas is seen as a way to leverage new things in unexpected ways. Complexity science and postmodernism concentrate on â€Å"transforming the space of the possible. †    (Johnson, 2010). The last error of discussion is offering a premium to internal workers for extra production without expecting the change in rewards structure to affect relationship with suppliers. This is an error that provides incentives for the internal workers to provide production. Great managers are about making changes to bring the best out of our workers and giving them a pat on the back as to showing them what a good job they have been doing and recognizing their employees. Considering different ways on expecting and assuming what is giving this can open the organization up to better planning in the future. In conclusion, these ten scenarios as errors can lead to critical concerns within an organization that managers must develop strategies for advantages of learning. Managing healthcare organization requires being creative and helping people to do good things. Any decision making can be a key component to operating a great healthcare organization. As the change is applied to our organization the management skills will be implemented to the postmodern and complexity adaptive systems to become productive in the organization. References Edmondson, A. C. (1996). Learning from mistakes is easier said than done: Group and organizational influences on the detection and correction of human error. J Applied Behavior Science. 32(1):5–28. Johnson, J. A. (2010). Health organizations:    Theory, behavior, development. Boston: Jones and Bartlett. ISBN: 9780763750534 Weick, K. E. (1985). Cosmos vs. chaos: Sense and nonsense in electronic contexts. Organ Dyn. 14(2):51–64 Bird, K. , Kundu, A. de Lujan Perez, G. (2010). Using Deming’s principles to create the next generation of healthcare leaders. The Journal for Quality and Participation, 33(2), 15. Retrieved from the ProQuest database. Swedish, J. (2009). Leadership: Meeting the demands of the times. Frontiers of Health Services Management, 26(2), 31. Retrieved from the ProQuest database. How to cite Mha 601, Papers

Same Sex Marriages By Definition, It Cannot Exist Essay Example For Students

Same Sex Marriages? By Definition, It Cannot Exist Essay What is marriage? This word has different meanings for different people. To some marriage means a commitment between two people in holy matrimony, or religious marriage. To others it is just a legal contract between two people, or civil marriage. In actuality there is only one definition for a marriage. According to Websters Dictionary, a marriage is a state of living together as husband and wife joined in wedlock. Webster also identifies a husband as a man and a wife as a woman. Same sex marriages are morally and ethically wrong, and they are also impossible to occur (according to our modern language). Same sex marriages, even though inappropriate, can be solved without upsetting both sides of the scale. Many same sex marriage supporters argue, Why does every legal and political issue always have to be complicated by making it a moral and ethical question? If there were no morals or ethics in government, society as we know it could not exist. It is unthinkable how someone can make this point. If these people had some logic and thoughtfulness in their minds as well as in their hearts, they would not be making these ridiculous comments. Arguments of this type are the cause of crime and poverty in our country. People dont know the difference between right and wrong. Children need a mother and a father to teach family values and the difference between right and wrong. The world would be a much better place if everyone had a parent or a teacher to show the them the proper path. Unfortunately, this is not the case. If more of society would put a priority on their children and their future, there could be fewer problems faced by the community as a whole. If no one takes into account morals and ethics into their decision making, these deplorable situations could lead to a catastrophe. If no one has any morals or ethics, this great nation would come to its decline. If no one has any morals or ethics, not even the worlds most powerful military will be able stop the catastrophe. The argument against this point, raised by the supporters, is the question of divorced parents and single parents. According to religious philosophy, single parenting is also an improper system for rising children. If someone else is jumping of a bridge, then why shouldnt everyone else. One improper task does not give permission for another. This is just another of many illogical points made by the supporters. The purpose of marriage is not only for companionship and personal and financial support. The purpose of marriage, ultimately, is for procreation, and gay couples cannot procreate. Same sex marriage supporters argue infertile couples and couples who use birth control methods to prevent conception are allowed to marry. As far as infertile couples are concerned, that is something beyond their control. They can not procreate because they have no choice. Whereas homosexuals are able to procreate, with the opposite sex, but choose not to. In regard to birth control, it is also religiously inappropriate. The same thing applies here, as it did with the single parent issue. One improper task does not give permission for another. The supporters have an irrational belief that two wrongs do make a right, whereas they do not. What is the solution to all this nonsense? There are valid points made on the other side of this coin and there is a simple solution. Domestic Partnerships, which are already in use in Denmark and Norway, is the answer, but it is not marriage. The supporters main itch comes from the benefits of being married. The government and certain businesses in society give an advantage to those who do not carry the single status. The marital status shows commitment and responsibility in a person. These advantages include insurance benefits, hospital visitation rights, inheritance rights, wrongful death benefits, child support and alimony, and some others. Republican Party Essay1A domestic partnership can be the legal contract, which they confuse with marriage, that can give immoral and unethical persons the benefits they deserve as citizens of this nation. Domestic Partnerships is not another word for marriage, and it should not be confused with marriage.Domestic Partnership is a civil or legal contract with no purpose b ut to gain certain benefits.Marriage is holy matrimony with the purpose of companionship, personal support, and procreation. One may not agree with the thinking and ideas of others, but everyone deserves equal treatment under the law.Domestic Partnerships have already been proven successful in other nations, and it can be successful in this one. In conclusion, besides same sex marriages being immoral and unethical, they .

The American Dream In The Great Gatsby Essay Example For Students

The American Dream In The Great Gatsby Essay The American DreamThere is no set definition to be found anywhere of the true meaning of The American Dream. Any hope, dream, or goal which was pursued by anyone in the history of America is on an American Dream.In modern times the accepted dream seems to be 2.5 children, a house with a white picket fence, and a perfect spouse. However, as it is shown through out literature from the early days of America to contemporary times the American Dream is not always so simple a concept. America was originally founded on the dream of freedom.People have freedom to pursue what they want.That is the ideal behind the American Dream. Early stories in American literature are about peoples pursuit of the freedom to worship as they pleased. Another version of the American Dream is the hope that immmigrants had of building a better life for their children than they had, as shown in the book My Antonia. Another is the search for acceptance, which is shown in the book Black Boy. Another is simply the h ope to survive, as shown in the book Lord of the Flies. Whatever the dream, the most interesting thing that can be read or written about it is the drive of people to attain it.This is best shown in The Great Gatsby. We will write a custom essay on The American Dream In The Great Gatsby specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now The Pursuit of the American Dream in The Great GatsbyThe Great Gatsby,a novel by F,Scott Fitzgerald,is about the American Dream,and the downfall of the people who try to reach it.The American Dream means something different to different people,but in The Great Gatsby,for Jay Gatsby,the subject of the book,the dream is that through acquiring wealth and power,one can also gain happiness.To reach his idea of what happiness is,Gatsby must go back in time and relive an old dream.To do this,he believes,he must first have wealth and power. Jay Gatsby is a man who does not wish to live in the present because it offers him nothing.He spends the majority of his adult life trying to recapture his past and,eventually,dies in his pursuit of it.The reason he wishes to relive the past is because long ago he had a love affair with the rich Daisy Buchanan,who he fell deeply in love with.However,he knew that they could never get married due to the difference in their economic and social statuses.He wants to marry her,but because of this problem he leaves her to gain wealth and social status in order to reach her standards.Once he reaches his goal of gaining the appropriate amount of wealth,he buys a house which is close to hersGatsby bought that house so Daisy would be just across the bay(p83).He throws huge,extravagant parties,in hope that she might happen to show up at one of them.Gatsby does not actually even attend thes parties,as he is not much of a socializer,instead he only watches them from a distance,inside his house.Aft er a while he grows tired of waiting for Daisy to show up,So he tries to find out if anyone knows her by asking around.Eventually he meets Nick Carraway,the narrator of the novel,who is a cousin of Daisy.After some discussion Nick agrees to set up a meeting between Gatsby and Daisy.Gatsbys personal dream symbolizes a larger version of the American Dream where everyone has the opportunity to try to get what they want. Later on in the novel,it is shown that Gatsby thinks that Daisy feels the same way about him that he does about her.It proves that he is convinced of this when he takes the blame for the death of Myrtle.He says that he was driving when in reality Daisy was.He also feels the need to watch over her and protest her as she returns home.Unfortunately for him,Gatsby cannot seem to accept the fact that the past is over and gone.He is determined to capture his dream and is positive that he can do this because of his wealth and power.He also thinks that he was acting for a greater good beyond his own personal gain and that should definitely grant him success.Nick Carraway tries to show Gatsby the futility in trying to fulfill his dream by assuring Gatsby that no one can relive the past no matter how hard the try,but Gatsby is sure that he can and repliesYes you can,old sport(155).This proves the confidence he has in his American Dream.His dream,although it may seem that way,is not material po ssesions,money,or social status.He only gains these things an hope that he can fulfill what is really his American Dream,the love of Daisy. .u26924bd73e07c8308ca6aaed257e823c , .u26924bd73e07c8308ca6aaed257e823c .postImageUrl , .u26924bd73e07c8308ca6aaed257e823c .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u26924bd73e07c8308ca6aaed257e823c , .u26924bd73e07c8308ca6aaed257e823c:hover , .u26924bd73e07c8308ca6aaed257e823c:visited , .u26924bd73e07c8308ca6aaed257e823c:active { border:0!important; } .u26924bd73e07c8308ca6aaed257e823c .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u26924bd73e07c8308ca6aaed257e823c { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u26924bd73e07c8308ca6aaed257e823c:active , .u26924bd73e07c8308ca6aaed257e823c:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u26924bd73e07c8308ca6aaed257e823c .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u26924bd73e07c8308ca6aaed257e823c .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u26924bd73e07c8308ca6aaed257e823c .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u26924bd73e07c8308ca6aaed257e823c .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u26924bd73e07c8308ca6aaed257e823c:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u26924bd73e07c8308ca6aaed257e823c .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u26924bd73e07c8308ca6aaed257e823c .u26924bd73e07c8308ca6aaed257e823c-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u26924bd73e07c8308ca6aaed257e823c:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The role of Antonio in Shakespeare's Tempest EssayGatsby refuses to give up until he reaches the fulfillment of his American Dream.The sad thing is that he never does,and he ends up dyingwithout it ever happening.There is one truth about the idea of the American Dream,wether its a better life for ones children,acceptance,or merely survival;everyone wants something out of life and everyone,in their own way,tries to get it.

The Roman Relationship Between Patron and Client

The Roman Relationship Between Patron and Client The people of ancient Rome were divided into two classes: wealthy, aristocratic patricians and poorer commoners called plebians. Patricians, or upper-class Romans, were patrons to plebian clients. The patrons provided many types of support to their clients who, in turn, rendered services and loyalty to their patrons. The number of clients and sometimes the status of clients conferred prestige on the patron. The client owed his vote to the patron. The patron protected the client and his family, gave legal advice, and helped the clients financially or in other ways. This system was, according to the historian Livy, created by Romes (possibly mythical) founder, Romulus. Rules of Patronage Patronage was not just a matter of picking out an individual and giving him money to support himself. Instead, there were formal rules pertaining to patronage. While the rules did change over the years, the following examples provide an idea of how the system worked: A patron could have a patron of his own; therefore, a client, could have his own clients, but when two high-status Romans had a relationship of mutual benefit, they were likely to choose the label amicus (friend) to describe the relationship since amicus did not imply stratification.Some clients were members of the plebian class but had never been slaves. Others were freed slaves. While freeborn plebes could choose or change their patron, freed slaves called liberti or freedmen automatically became clients of their former owners and were obligated to work for them in some capacity.Each morning at dawn, clients were required to greet their patrons with a greeting called the salutatio. This greeting could also be accompanied by requests for help or favors. As a result, clients were sometimes called salutatores.Clients were expected to support their patrons in all matters, personal and political. As a result, it was possible for a wealthier patron to count on the votes of his many clien ts. Meanwhile, however, patrons were expected to provide a range of goods and services including food (which was often traded for cash) and legal counsel. There was also patronage in the arts where a patron provided the wherewithal to allow the artist to create in comfort. The work of art or book would be dedicated to the patron. Outcomes of the Patronage System The idea of client/patron relationships had significant implications for the later Roman Empire and even medieval society. As Rome expanded throughout the Republic and Empire, it took over smaller states which had its own customs and rules of law. Rather than attempting to remove the states leaders and governments and replace them with Roman rulers, Rome created client states. Leaders of these states were less powerful than Roman leaders and were required to turn to Rome as their patron state. The concept of clients and patrons lived on in the Middle Ages. Rulers of small city/states acted as patrons to poorer serfs. The serfs claimed protection and support from the upper classes who, in turn, required their serfs to produce food, provide services, and act as loyal supporters.

Litrature Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Litrature - Essay Example In Greek mythology, Medea (Greek, "virility") was the daughter of King Aeà «tes of Colchis (now a territory of modern Georgia), niece of Circe, and later wife to Jason. In the play Medea, Jason leaves Medea when Creon, King of Corinth offers him his daughter.The Medea tells the story of the jealousy and revenge of a woman betrayed by her husband. She has left home and father for Jasons sake, and he, after she has borne him children, forsakes her, and betroths himself to Glauce, the daughter of Creon, ruler of Corinth. Creon orders her into banishment that her jealousy may not lead her to do her child some injury. In vain she begs not to be cast forth, and finally asks for but one days delay. This Creon grants, to the undoing of him and his. Jason arrives and reproaches Medea with having provoked her sentence by her own violent temper. Had she had the sense to submit to sovereign power she would never have been thrust away by him. In reply she reminds her husband of what she had once done for him; how for him she had betrayed her father and her people; for his sake had caused Pelias, whom he feared, to be killed by his own daughters. .(Euripides, 2003) The story of â€Å"Wide Sargasso Sea† is set just after the emancipation of the slaves, in that uneasy time when racial relations in the Caribbean were at their most strained. Antoinette (Rhys renames her and has Rochester impose the name of Bertha on her when their relationship dissolves) is descended from the plantation owners, and her father has had many children by negro women. She can be accepted neither by the negro community nor by the representatives of the colonial centre. As a white creole she is nothing. The taint of racial impurity, coupled with the suspicion that she is mentally imbalanced bring about her inevitable downfall. (Rhys,1997) In Medea, protagonist of the play, Medeas homeland is Colchis, an island in the Black Sea, which the Greeks considered the edge of the earth--a

The Children of Hammerstein Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The Children of Hammerstein - Essay Example The three daughters were often grouped together and called the ‘von Hammerstein Sisters’ but the truth was that even though they had their fair share of similarities, they had their own personalities and lived different lives. The main thing they had in common was their stand against Nazism. Till the 1920s in Berlin – the years when they finally came of age – they socialized greatly be it the gymnasium, university, the social and/or political movements and so on. Once the political upheaval rose to great heights, all of them helped the victims in their own ways, not worried about the risk they were taking of their lives by opposing the Weimar Republic and later the Third Reich. Maria Luise was the oldest daughter of the five children. She opposed Hitler by joining the German Communist Party in the late 1920s. In fact, whenever her father departed from the house, she would take the opportunity to go through this safe in hopes of finding documents with import ant information on them. She even told the Soviet Union about Hitler’s political and military plans which he informed to his generals in his secret speech. This made her a traitor to her country but her father was not against it. It was during this time period also that she had a relationship with Werner Scholem but later he was shot dead. Maira Luise decided to remain in her homeland for the duration of the war. It was at some point in the 1950s that she changed her residence to the German Democratic Republic. The second daughter was Maria Theresa and she was quite an activist. She was less ideologically at risk than her sisters but she did empathize with left wing views, especially the educated middle class Jewry. She alerted the Jews if they were in danger of being deported or arrested by extracting the necessary information from her father. She would move the Jews and some Germans to Prague and helped many of the marked to hide. She also brought materials such as newspape rs to the Nazi community over there. Maria Theresa is lauded for saving innumerable Jews from extermination. She got married to a Jewish man in 1934. They travelled to Palestine but had to return and were cross examined a lot of times by the Gestapo. So, they went to exile in 1935 to Japan. Over there also, she was not safe but she managed to survive and had four children. After the war was over, they shifted to the United States of America. Helga von Hammerstein, like her eldest sister Maria Luise, was part of the German Communist Party. She helped out her sister in carrying out her parts. She had a relationship with one man called Leo Roth who lived a very dangerous live and was shot in a prison in 1936. Helga, along with her mother and youngest brother, was held in captivity by the Nazis for the duration of the last weeks of the War. They were first imprisoned at Buchenwald, then at Dachau, and then at South Tyrol. They were interrogated and asked the hiding place of her brotherà ¢â‚¬â„¢s but they did not break. She remained in Germany during the length of the war. After the end of the war, they were given freedom by the Allied Forces in 1945 when they liberated the camps. Franz von Hammerstein was the first son. He was excused from the duty of working for the army due to medical reasons. He was the brother who was imprisoned and questioned by the Gestapo along with Helga and his mother. Later, he was also freed with them by the Allies. After the war

Football referees Literature review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Football referees - Literature review Example If good discipline lacks and pure defiance rules, then no respect for the officials can be guaranteed and referees abuse can be expected without much consideration. The discussion presented below is basically an effort to highlight the existence of disciplinary problems in the UK football while laying stress on the referees abuse by players and to what degree this abuse is affecting the referees and their interests. The paper also highlights the steps taken by the football referees to overcome the lack of discipline and resulting abuse from the football players in UK. Disagreement from the referees’ decisions due to lack of discipline: According to a sports report by Taylor and Hytner (2008), the ruthless and defiant behavior shown by Ashley Cole and his teammates towards the match referee Sir Alex Ferguson (Scottish football manager) was too significant to be overlooked and has been the topic of much criticism among the UK public and entire world as well. This scenario presen ts an important example when lack of discipline and respect in the UK football players is talked about. ... The report further lays stress on the impact of lack of discipline among the UK football players by mentioning that another player named Grant also vehemently disagreed with the decision of the match referee Dean, who sent a midfielder player out of the field by dismissing him in the first match that was supervised by him. This action of the match referee was hugely disliked by the team players who instead of agreeing with the referee’s decision in accordance with the rules of the game, started abusing the referee coarsely. It is a good measure taken by Chelsea that Cole was subsequently punished owing to the fact that he harassed the match referee while threatening to snatch the red card from his hand. Pearce (cited in Herbert, 2008) emphasizes that referees can make mistakes too sometimes and they should be tolerated by the players. Lack of cohesion and harmony leads to disagreement between players and referees: Wenger, coming from the football club Arsenal has been quoted a s saying after a match that â€Å"Our game lacked cohesion. I always felt we could be punished.† (cited in Press Association, 2010). This also supports the reality that discipline is lacking in the UK football game and more importantly, among the football players. The UK football players have inexplicably developed a stubborn sense of defying most of the decisions taken by the match referees and a very hyped drama is created when a certain match referee orders any player to leave the field. In response to yellow or red card shown by the referee, all the teammates typically surround the referee and start pressurizing him for taking back his decision. Some even go as far as to put

Living A Life By Kierkegaard And Camus

Living A Life By Kierkegaard And Camus Does life have any meaning? Stay tuned because two philosophers tried to answer this question for you and I. Soren Kierkegaard and Albert Camus both examined human existence, the meaning of life and the constant struggle to find answers in the world. Kierkegaard, also known as the father of existentialism focused on the Christian faith/doctrine in relation to the existence of God. His view on religion signifies his passion for ethics and for human beings to recognize God and practice what is being preached. Camus, who critiqued Kierkegaards writing, had a different view about the meaning of life in which God/faith is not the ultimate. His strong opposition to death is depicted in his writing because if there is life there is hope. Both writers argued differently on whether life is worth living and the different solutions that can lead one towards finding a meaningful life. Many might ask why people exist. I for one, will not deny the fact that I sometimes question my existence. Who a re we to determine that life is meaningless? If life is meaningless, why do humans work hard to live a legacy? Interpretation of meaninglessness of life also depends on the respondents religious upbringing. So who can answer my question; is it Kierkegaard, Camus or the Universe? Life can only be meaningless if we presume it meaningless; our attitude to life is what makes it meaningless. Stating that life is meaningless because we suffer and die is a subjective statement. Many people claim to be enjoying life and often will admit even in their dying beds that they have lived a very happy life. Both Kierkegaard and Camus have offered different explanations on how to deal with a meaningless life; however, they both have their pros and cons, therefore, no solution are better than the other and cannot be perfect on its own. What constitutes a meaningful life? What makes life meaningless? It is important for one to exam what life has to offer before making a decision on whether it is meaningless or not. There are times when we feel abandoned and offended by the world, but it does not mean that it is the end of our existence even though we feel that way. Camuss explanation and example is right because if I belief that life is absurd and not worth the hassle, I would be inclined to behave in a certain way (I will live a life of carelessness since I know that I have nothing to lose) to make myself happy. Killing oneself is unfruitful because there is no guarantee that there is happiness after life or that life will eventually become meaningful. I believe in living life one day at a time; we struggle to make sense of the world but it keeps getting difficult as we try. This action often makes us rebel against the world (we basically give up hope) and search for alternatives to our problem. We live in a constant state of conflict with the world. The meaning of life needs to be understood in order to feel fulfilled by the world. Because we are born and thrown into the world that offers no explanation of existence, we are left to avenge for ourselves. We all have a feeling or vision of what we want the world to look like, but we get disappointed that the world cannot be shaped to our own individual liking. Camus compares the human attempt to understand the world but the world itself cannot be understood. The feeling of breached relationship amongst the world and human beings is what he calls absurd. We can equally feel fulfilled when the world has the same opinion as we do. On the contrary, when the world is against us and is on the opposite direction, we conclude that the world is not worth living. The world can be unreasonable, however, it links humans together, hence we long for clarity to the irrational relationship we have with the world. Camus explained three different ways man can live in an absurd world and still find meaning in it: the life of Don Juan, the drama life and the conquest life. The Don Juan life is a care free life; it is a life of here and now, a life with limit and no future. The life of Don Juan is the type of life that the majority of society would rather live, including me. I agree with Camus because there are people whose lifestyle is living in the moment. They do not live to find answers to life but live to satisfy immediate desire. People living the life of Don are self centered and they depend only on their decision and judgment because they do not put meaning in anything. They strive for self benefit rather than for anything else. This type of life is one that is not guided by any moral code or conduct. It is a care free life where people are not worried about constant judgment by the society or feelings of guilt for wrong actions. Imagine a world without morals or without law I believe a lo t of people would find it difficult to cope. Although, the law and morals exist, living the life of Don Juan would yield no consequences. The quantity of life matters in this kind of life because they are conscious and are aware of what they do, but the amounts of fulfillment they get from such action is what counts. How effective are your actions and decisions on earth? If what I do brings me joy and contentment, I will be inclined to do the same thing to continue to get the same joy. However, I believe that at some point, such life will become lonely because everything revolves around you only and change will be difficult. The other way of living is the life of an actor. Living a life of an actor means that one has to literarily put on a different lifestyle each day. The actor strives to live for others and thus represents lives other than his own. Living such a life makes him absurd, a life with diversity and no specific purpose. I believe that living a life of an actor is a way of finding oneself and a way of searching for clarity. I also believe that people who live the life of an actor will find life more meaningful at some point because they do realize that such life is hopeful that they might find a life they can identify with. I can see where the life of an actor can be attributed to Camus absurd reasoning. This is because when we continue to live, we have hope that someday something will change or that one decision might lead to a meaningful life. When in doubt and in search of answers to life, we find ourselves contemplating whether to live or to die. When the feeling of emptiness and loneline ss engulfs our mind, I think our instinct will be to end that suffering and save ourselves the heart ache of a wicked world. However, an actor continues to live and hope for tomorrow. The last way of life as defined by Camus, is the life of a Conquest. The conquest life is directed towards achieving an aim, an aim he knows is unattainable, yet he struggles. People who live this life know full well that the end result will not be fruitful, yet that struggle gives their life meaning. The flesh represents life and being alive is worth more than the struggle. Conqueror are people who are aware of their strengths and limitations, they remain constantly on that strength that is enough for them to survive the world. They are not worried about being the best; they are worried about maintaining the achievement they currently have by being consistent in their actions. Kierkegaards view is different from Camus because his view focuses more on religion and on the idea that Gods existence conquers all problems. He expressed this idea through his definition of the knight of faith and his relationship with God. The knight of faith believes in God and that the ultimate meaning of life is established when we develop a relationship with God; however, he does violate the moral law for the sake of the higher being. But even when we believe in God, there are times when we become overwhelmed with the situation at hand and we feel unfulfilled. However, for Kierkegaard, the knight of faith believes that with God, all things are possible; thus when we sacrifice the material things we have and follow God, we are guaranteed greater possibility in life. Kierkegaards beliefs are different from Camus Don Juan because Camus does not believe in God and Dons life is not bound by any ethical code. His Knight of faith is depicted in the life of Abraham the son of David. Abraham was told by God to sacrifice his only son Isaac; he followed through with this action to murder his only son. This action Kierkegaard calls faith because Abraham was willing to sacrifice his only beloved son simply because God said so and this action will make him develop a relationship with God. The knight of faith acts religiously in Gods will and faith becomes the ultimate even though a moral law is being violated. There are individuals whose ultimate goal is to pursue Gods will regardless of what the moral law is; the higher moral law is what is of importance to them. Kierkegaard believes that faith is the only meaningful/existential way of life, but if that is the case, Abraham, who is considered the knight of faith, violated the moral law. He violated the moral law because of his will to sacrifice his son just to be closer to God. When we are faced with the decision of the ethical vs. the religious, our love for religion is greater than our love for the ethical. Abraham chose religion because his faith in God was superior to his allegiance to the ethical life. I believe in religion and I am often influenced by it when making decisions, but I have decided to violate any moral law. I counter Kierkegaards belief because by Abraham willing to sacrifice his son, he might be mistaken for a murderer or a believer. Some might say that he is both, but if you believe that Abraham is a believer, you also believe that it is ok to kill for the sake of God. If we say that he is a murderer, then faith does not exist and the individual does not exist as well. I f this is the case, then the ethical way of life (the universal) not the religious is the acceptable way of life. The way we live our life now speaks our feature. In any situation, I believe that I have a purpose in life. The type of life I choose to live, either the life as explained by Camus or by Kierkegaard, defines who I am. This is where I agree with both Camus and Kierkegaards philosophical view of life and human attitude. They are both right when they said attitude shapes ones life. The meaning of life is defined by the behavior and the attitude we have towards it. But what if the choices we make are not good enough? Does that mean that life will be meaningless? No, but if we are not open to change, then we are trapped in our own single world of meaninglessness. We have a choice to make every single day we are alive and the kind of attitude we want to embrace for that day. Making a bad decision or living a rouged life will definitely expose me to many consequences based on my decision. In any given day on earth, I believe that life accounts for 10% of what happens to me and the other 90% depends on how I react to that situation. I share both Camus and Kierkegaards philosophy of life. The religious life of the Knight of faith is what I practice in my daily life with the exemption of violating the moral law like Abraham did. We all have freedom to make our own life choices, if that choice is the life described by Camus, we live it with passion and if it is the life described by Kierkegaard, we also embrace it. Humans have preconceived idea of what they believe to be happy living. Our creator however; according to those who believe in God has plans for us. He considers our stay on earth as temporary and so do I. What Camus describes as death is considered transition to better places by those that believe in the existence of God. We have only one life to live and I believe in making the world a better place no matter how long it might take.

Better Home and Gardens and The Home Depot Essay -- essays research pa

Better Home and Gardens and The Home Depot In the current issue of Better Home and Gardens (BHG) magazine, published on October, 2004, there is an advertisement presenting how BHG and The Home Depot work together to provide new ideas and products. This is a win-win situation for both companies. Once know as â€Å"Fruit, Garden and Home†, the â€Å"Better Homes and Garden’s magazine (BGH) was first published in 1922. This magazine has become a trusted friend for over 82 years for America’s neighborhood. Better Homes and Gardens is one of the leading women’s magazine which can be found in over 2 million homes. This magazine provides new ideas, techniques and simple ways to improve your life and home. The Home Depot provides the supplies to assist with the new ideas, techniques and simple way to improve your life and home.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Home Depot was founded in 1978 in Atlanta, Georgia, by Bernie Marcus and Arthur Blank. During this time, the store contained 25,000 products; compared to today’s store which carry 40,000 different home accessories and building supplies. In the beginning, the vision of the store was to be a warehouse full of products that sold to men and women, providing the best customer service. During the next five years The Home Depot placed stores in five different states, with Texas being one of them. Today the company has over 1,700 stores which are satisfying over 22,000,000 customers each week. These stores bring in approximately $64.8 billion ... Better Home and Gardens and The Home Depot Essay -- essays research pa Better Home and Gardens and The Home Depot In the current issue of Better Home and Gardens (BHG) magazine, published on October, 2004, there is an advertisement presenting how BHG and The Home Depot work together to provide new ideas and products. This is a win-win situation for both companies. Once know as â€Å"Fruit, Garden and Home†, the â€Å"Better Homes and Garden’s magazine (BGH) was first published in 1922. This magazine has become a trusted friend for over 82 years for America’s neighborhood. Better Homes and Gardens is one of the leading women’s magazine which can be found in over 2 million homes. This magazine provides new ideas, techniques and simple ways to improve your life and home. The Home Depot provides the supplies to assist with the new ideas, techniques and simple way to improve your life and home.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Home Depot was founded in 1978 in Atlanta, Georgia, by Bernie Marcus and Arthur Blank. During this time, the store contained 25,000 products; compared to today’s store which carry 40,000 different home accessories and building supplies. In the beginning, the vision of the store was to be a warehouse full of products that sold to men and women, providing the best customer service. During the next five years The Home Depot placed stores in five different states, with Texas being one of them. Today the company has over 1,700 stores which are satisfying over 22,000,000 customers each week. These stores bring in approximately $64.8 billion ...

Native Americans relations with Europeans

According to the anonymous author , â€Å"Objectivity is neither possible nor desirable. It's not possible because all history is subjective; all history represents a point of view. â€Å", which In other words means that people see history In the way they want to see It based on what they think Is Important. It Is not possible to be objective because everything one says and thinks Is based on our perceptions, knowledge, thoughts and feelings . It Isn't desirable because If someone Is trying to get a point across, they have to be subjective. History, while trying to be objective is mostly subjective.The historian brings their feelings, prejudices, backgrounds, as well as their P. O. Vs. to historical situations. This effects how history is told and written about. The various authors that have wrote about Columbus arrival to the New World based it off of their own view of the world and of Columbus. In † A People's History of the United States â€Å", Howard Zion approaches hi s view on history in a more opinion based way. Howard Zion beings by retelling the encounter between the natives and Columbus. Zion's view of this Is different from the traditional encounter most historians talk about.Howard Zion points out that the Europeans came to the Americas in search of slaves and gold and brutally killed almost all the Indians, who according to many other people were a peaceful people. This shows that Zion Is subjective and doesn't view Columbus as an â€Å"enlightened † explorer but rather a brutal one that would do anything such as torture others to get what he wants. Then Zion gives his opinion on how history is usually told from the Elite groups point of view. Zion points out that Columbus thought the Natives were weak and wouldn't be able to defend themselves.Howard Zion does give facts about the encounter such as using Columbus own Journal as evidence but he does become biased in certain parts of the first chapter. In other words , Zion wanted to tell the Natives pop because he wants the reader to know about that part of history. Zion wanted to expose Columbus as a cruel man. The idea of exploitation of resources, of people, of cultural differences was an Important factor In the conquest of the New World. Zion's way of thinking and his thought one how the elite shouldn't be the only one that students should read about were reasons why Zion Is not objective at all.He does become biased and bases his reasons on thoughts about letting the reader hear the Natives side of the story. In A Different Mirror: A History of Multicultural America†, Ronald Attack is subjective as well because he takes the Natives side by pointing a lot of negative defects of the Europeans. At first , Ronald Attack talks about how the Natives viewed the Europeans. Attack states that the Natives saw the Europeans as â€Å"ugly † and â€Å"strange† . Ronald gives the reader an insight on how the Natives felt towards these explorers. A l ot of other historians don't teach about the thoughts of the oppressed people.Then Attack talks about how the the English Justified colonization, enslavement and murder. The English didn't view their taking of the land as robbery. Attack points out that Columbus saw these people As loving their neighbors as themselves, and having the sweetest talk In the world, and gentle, and always with a smile. Then the author writes about how the Europeans would destroy the Natives villages. The Europeans reclaimed the natives as savages and non-human. As an opportunity to take over the land. The Natives would be categorized as â€Å"the other† while the Europeans were entitled to the land.Attack describes the Europeans as greedy and in control. Attack focuses on the severe treatment of the Indians and how this affected them in a negative way. This can be seen as being biased because Attack views the Natives as the victims and the Europeans as the villains . In the â€Å"American Pageant , chapter 1: New World Beginnings†, David M. Kennedy, Thomas A. Bailey, and Elizabeth Cohen present history in a more objective way. It is objective but the author still presents history in the way they want the reader to see it. They tell the reader only what they want them to know.These authors start off by talking about the shaping of North America and the theory of Pangaea is explained. Then they inform the reader about early Americans such as the Pueblo Indians , Mound Builders and and Eastern Indians. Later on in chapter one , the authors start to talk about Columbus arrival to the New World. Throughout this section of the text , there was no opinions made. The authors state that Columbus was trying to reach the East Indies and how he misjudged the size of Earth. They are informing the reader rather than trying to convince them about a certain topic.The authors don't give their opinions on Columbus nor talk about his treatment towards the Natives. The quote does not go w ith this text because this text is showing that objectivity can be possible. The authors are being objective because they are basing their Judgment on the facts and what has been presented without putting any personal beliefs or bias comments. In â€Å"A Patriot's History of the United States: From Columbus' Great Discovery to the War on Terror, Chapter 1: The City On A Hill , 1492-1707†, Larry Shareware and Michael Allen's way of telling the reader history can be seen as more objective.Shareware and Allen wants to give the reader a fair story of the nation to the reader but does the opposite. Both authors become subjective because their history telling is based on patriotism. They want the reader to see the proud history of America. Allen and Shareware want to show their appreciation and respect for the United States. They leave out the negatives that occurred in history . This book (chapter 1) shows that history is a product of it's authors. Since both of these authors are proud Americans , they want to show the positives of the nation throughout history.In the first chapter , the authors point out that Columbus and other explorers such as Cortes were innocent and didn't deliberately give the Native Americans diseases. The authors tell the history that all history books have in it but is also trying to go against â€Å"A People's History of the United States. † The authors point out that because Americans had a Christian Culture , they took life, liberty and property as serious manners. They also point out that hard work was a building block of the success of America. From chapter one , Allen and Shareware show a conservative perspective because they want the reader to see that the U.S is a special nation because when the New World was found, settlers adopted several systems such as religious integrity, private property rights and also competition amongst groups like political parties. These authors want to show the reader that history can be s ubjective while containing facts. In â€Å"The Devastation of the Indies: A Short Account†, Bartholomew De Lass Cases does show a subjective way of telling history because he takes a side. Bartholomew tells the reader that the Europeans were cruel Soldiers would use this hospitality as an advantage to take over cities and villages.This would allow them to get to the gold and slaves they wanted. Bartholomew goes on saying that the Europeans would massacre millions of natives , raping innocent woman and killing innocent children. The Spaniards would use slaves to build buildings and to attack other villages since sometimes the Spaniards didn't want to use their own men. Bartholomew points out that the Spaniards committed genocide. There are two sides to every story and Barcarole goes with the side of the indigenous people. Bartholomew focused on the horrific actions taken by the Spaniards. Ironically , Barcarole was a Spaniard priest but still went against his people .He believ ed that the conduct of the Spaniard Christians were not one of someone that followed the Christian faith. This ties in with the quote because Bartholomew is being subjective and is making it clear that objectivity can't be possible in his brief account . Bartholomew wanted to portray the Spaniards in the worst light and also tell people the unfairness treatment that the Natives had to go through. Therefore , various authors that have wrote about Columbus arrival to the New World and the history of Early America have based it on their point of view and thoughts.An authors ultra and worldview can affect the way they write about history by making it bias. Some authors might take a side and argue for that side. Authors will make their point using facts to back up their opinions. This leads to the conclusion that objectivity is rare in writings about history although it isn't impossible . While the authors of â€Å"The American Pageant † present history using facts and don't take sides , other authors want to pursue the reader and make the reader believe what they believe. This shows that history is subjective because an author will base tell history in the way they want to.

Latin Words and Expressions in English

Latin Words and Expressions in English Why Learn About Latin Words and Expressions in English?: Some excellent reasons you might want to know more about Latin words and expressions in English are: Youre studying for a vocabulary/admissions test.Youre a non-native English speaker puzzled by the vocabulary.Youre developing a character for a novel.You need a new word for a specific technical purpose.You are a stickler for language purity and dont want to create a hybrid word inadvertently. [See this polyamory t-shirt for more information.] The Latin Connection With English: Its confusing to hear that English doesnt come from Latin because there are so many Latin words and expressions in English, but vocabulary is not enough to make one language the daughter language of another. Romance languages, including French, Italian, and Spanish, come from Latin, an important sub-branch of the Italic branch of the Indo-European tree. The Romance languages are sometimes called daughter languages of Latin. English is a Germanic language, not a Romance or Italic language. The Germanic languages are on a different branch from the Italic. Just because our English language doesnt come from Latin doesnt mean all our words have a Germanic origin. Clearly, some words and expressions are Latin, like ad hoc. Others, e.g., habitat, circulate so freely that were not aware theyre Latin. Some came into English when Francophone Normans invaded Britain in 1066. Others, borrowed from Latin, have been modified. Latin TranslationA Biography of LatinThe Spread of LatinIndo-European Languages Latin Words in English: There are many Latin words in English. Some are more obvious than others because they are italicized. Others are used with nothing to set them apart as imported from Latin. You may not even be aware theyre Latin, like veto or etc. Latin Words in EnglishMore Latin Words in EnglishLatin Adjectives in EnglishLatin and Greek Geometry TermsLatin Religious Words in English Latin Words Incorporated in English Words: In addition to what we call borrowing (although there is no plan to return the borrowed words), Latin is used to form English words. Often English words contain a Latin word as a prefix. These Latin words are most often Latin prepositions. Many Latin words come into English with the preposition already attached to the verb. Sometimes the ending is changed to suit the needs of English; for instance, the verb may be converted to a noun. English Words With Latin PrepositionsGreek and Latin Prefixes and Suffixes For English WordsLatin Color WordsBorrowed Words Latin Sayings in English: Some of these sayings are familiar in translation; others in their original Latin (or Greek). Most of them are profound and worth remembering (in either the classical or modern language). Latin Sayings in EnglishAncient Proverbs in Pictures More - Words and Ideas: Words and Ideas, edited by William J. Dominik, contains word-building techniques for those who want to learn how to combine bits of Latin or Greek to form proper words in English or for those interested in the meaning of those word components. Latin Grammar in English: Since English doesnt come from Latin it follows that the internal structure or grammar of English is different from Latin. But English grammar as it is taught in classes on grammar is based on Latin grammar. As a result, some official rules make limited or no sense. One that is familiar, in its violation, from the Star Trek series, is the rule against a split infinitive. The Star Trek sentence contains the split infinitive to boldly go. Such a construction simply cant happen in Latin, but is obviously easy to do in English, and it works. See William Harris on how we wound up with the Latin grammar albatross.

Hotline Essays - File Sharing Networks, Online Chat, Free Essays

Hotline Essays - File Sharing Networks, Online Chat, Free Essays Hotline The Hotline Connect software suite enables Server communities on personal computers worldwide that combined, comprise the Hotline Network. Hotline Communications cannot, and does not, monitor, track or control the activity or content on Hotline Servers outside the Hotline Network, and as such, does not guarantee the accuracy, integrity or quality of such activity or content. Hotline Communications does, however, extend the following Usage Policy to all users, including those users on Servers outside the Hotline Network, as a guide to personal conduct while on Hotline. We advise all Hotline users NOT to use Hotline software to do the following: a. upload, post or otherwise transmit Content that is unlawful, harmful, threatening, abusive, harassing, tortuous, defamatory, vulgar, obscene, libelous, invasive of another's privacy, hateful, or racially, ethnically or otherwise objectionable; b. harm minors in any way (Server administrators who wish to share private material with Server visitors are asked to use the Server's security features to limit Server access to minors); c. impersonate any person or entity, including, but not limited to, a Hotline Communications representative, employee, guide or host, or falsely state or otherwise misrepresent any affiliation with a person or entity; d. upload, post or otherwise transmit any content without the express right to transmit under any law or under contractual or fiduciary relationships, such as inside information, proprietary and confidential information that is learned or disclosed as part of employment relationships or under nondisclosure agreements; e. upload, post or otherwise transmit any content that infringes any patent, trademark, trade secret copyright or other proprietary rights of any party; f. upload, post or otherwise transmit any unsolicited or unauthorized advertising, promotional materials, junk mail, spam, chain letters, pyramid schemes, or any other form of solicitation, except in those areas (such as shopping areas) that have been designated for such purposes; g. upload, post or otherwise transmit any material that contains software viruses or any other computer code, files or programs designed to interrupt, destroy or limit the functionality of any computer software or hardware or telecommunications equipment; h. disrupt the normal flow of dialogue, or otherwise act in a manner that negatively affects other users' ability to engage in real time exchanges; i. interfere with or disrupt the Hotline Service or Server Network connected to the Service, or disobey any requirements, procedures, policies or regulations of networks connected to the Service; j. intentionally or unintentionally violate any applicable local, state, national or international law, including, but not limited to, any rules of any national or other securities exchange, and any regulations having the force of law; k. stalk or otherwise harass other users; l. collect or store personal data about other users. Hotline Communications has also implemented a number of measures to help protect the rights, property, and personal safety of Hotline Communications, its users and the public on the Hotline Network, including: Terms of Service: All administrators of Servers listed on the Hotline Network are required to agree to our Terms of Service before listing on our Network. Client License Agreement: All users of the Hotline Client are required to agree to the terms outlined in their Client License Agreement before downloading the Client software. Server License Agreement: All users of the Hotline Server are required to agree to the terms outlined in their Server License Agreement before downloading the Server software. Room 222: Updated information and online discussions on political and legal developments concerning the Internet are held regularly in Room 222 (IP 207.245.14.163.222), a Server on HLtracker.com. Please report any violations of the Hotline Usage Policy and/or Terms of Service to [emailprotected] If possible, please include the IP address of the offending Server and the approximate time, date and details of the violation. Bibliography www.bigredh.com

Apple Inc Case Study Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Apple Inc Case Study - Essay Example The key factors were seen to be innovative products not backed by quality, frequent change of leadership and the recessive trends in the economy that had significantly reduced the buying power of the consumers. It is felt that in the fast changing environment of technology and rapid globalization, there is marked convergence of changing preferences across the globe. Therefore, it becomes important for the firms to introduce the product at the right time is crucial but at the same time, the success would also depend on its quality and the pricing. The report is prepared for the management of Apple Inc. so as to identify the issues and problems, analyze them to evolve strategies and recommendations to improve and improvise the performance outcome of the organization’s aims and objectives. The company had undergone dramatic changes since its inception in 1976. The early success was followed by considerable loss in revenues and market share in 1981. The company’s fortunes catapulted to regain its market position that kept steadily rising till 2008, when the company was again faced with many challenges and slow growth, showing significant loss of revenue. The main problems and issues identified were as follow: The management seemed to lose its initial focus on innovation and preferred analyzing the current problems to the exclusion of introducing newer products to meet the fast changing demands of the public. When the company was launched in 1976 by Wazniak and job, both were driven by the fact that the novelty of the product (computers) and its utility value outweighed its cost and appeal to the people. That was the reason that the Apple products had huge initial success. Later, when IBM and Microsoft came into the field and introduced affordability into the market strategy, Apple Inc was the hardest hit company and showed tremendous decline in profits and plummeting of its market share to 3%. The

Richard Nixon's Foreign Policy During the Cold War Essay

Richard Nixon's Foreign Policy During the Cold War - Essay Example Elsewhere, communist political influence was spreading further in Latin America. The rise of Marxist leader Salvador Allende in Chile during 1970 was troubling the United States. By this time, President Nixon developed his own foreign policy called the â€Å"Nixon Doctrine.† In his speech, President Nixon (1969) stated these points as his main focus in foreign policy: Before any American troops were committed to Vietnam, a leader of another Asian country expressed this opinion to me when I was traveling in Asia as a private citizen. He said: "When you are trying to assist another nation defend its freedom, U.S. policy should be to help them fight the war but not to fight the war for them." Well, in accordance with this wise counsel, I laid down in Guam three principles as guidelines for future American policy toward Asia: - First, the United States will keep all of its treaty commitments. - Second, we shall provide a shield if a nuclear power threatens the freedom of a nation allied with us or of a nation whose survival we consider vital to our security. - Third, in cases involving other types of aggression, we shall furnish military and economic assistance when requested in accordance with our treaty commitments. ... The goal of Nixon’s foreign policy is to provide military and technical support to nations who are against Communist influence without sending US military personal to participate. Any direct intervention by the US military towards such conflicts would increase tensions to the already heated international political environment. Despite Nixon’s seemingly hawkish approach toward Communist nations, he found that realistic diplomatic approaches were also necessary. Nixon knew that resorting to military action against Soviet Russia and China would be catastrophic, even though it was clear that the Russians and Chinese were helping North Vietnam fight the US forces in South Vietnam. Regardless, there were heated tensions between Soviet Russia and China during that period. Research by Gilliland (2006) pointed that â€Å"as a realist, Nixon saw the potential benefits of a new relationship with China as a way to pressure the Soviets on many issues, and to expand trade between bo th nations† (p.14). Nixon’s foreign policy doctrine had various effects. First, it brought the era of Detente during the Cold War. The detente was the foreign policy of Nixon. Its purpose is to work on and improve a diplomatic atmosphere of  cooperation and normalization between the United States and the communist nations of Soviet Russia and China. A report made by the University of Virginia’s Miller Center (2012) conveyed: The announcement that the President would make an unprecedented trip to Beijing caused a sensation among the American people, who had seen little of the world's most populous nation since the Communists had taken power. Nixon's visit to China in February 1972 was widely televised and heavily viewed. It was only a first step, but a decisive one, in the budding

Science fiction Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

Science fiction - Term Paper Example Just like the 1950s and 1960s when dangers from nuclear war and fascination with UFOs (Unidentified Flying Object) led many science fiction movies produced on the theme (such as ‘2001: A Space Odyssey’ in 1968), so is the case in the last decade or so with global warming. Scientists, writers, and movie directors have all shown considerable interest in exploring the aftermath of the event of global warming. ‘Day After Tomorrow’ by Roland Emmerich is one such movie, which according to Lichtenfeld, takes us from the ‘Cold War’ to a ‘War on Cold.’ (Wildmoon; Leiserowitz, 23) The paper discusses the different aspects of this science fiction movie with a note of impending warning to the society. The movie shows the devastating consequence of climate change that may appear to many as just a fantasy. In the movie, there are scenes of abrupt breakdown of the Greenland ice sheet, producing a 1000-feet- high tsunami smashing into New York. The movie did generate another wave of discussion over the issue of climate change and turned into one of the most successful box office hit The movie narrates the tale of Jack Hall (climatologist at National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)) as he survives the breakdown of a colossal ice shelf flouting off Antarctica and returns to his work with a warning about the chances of a sudden and sharp climate change because of global warming. Few weeks after Dr. Hall has submitted his theory, scientists at North Atlantic thermohaline circulation system find that the system is briskly closing down. Thermohaline Circulation (THC) denotes part of the extensive ocean circulation that is driven by density gradients generated by surface temperature and freshwater fluidity. There are some conjectures that global warming might, by way of a slowdown or shutdown, activate localized freezing in the North Atlantic and lead to cooler

Understanding Action Verbs Essay Example for Free

Understanding Action Verbs Essay Introduction NEBOSH carefully describe the ‘action verbs’ which are used within their examination questions. The reason for this is that they tell the candidate sitting the examination the depth of answer that is required. Candidates are asked to remember that if the question asks them to state something and they then produce a lengthy explanation, they will probably get marks, but may well have wasted time and effort and may end up running out of time at the end of the examination period. Conversely, if candidates are asked to describe something and they give a list, they will most probably loose marks. If candidates do not give the depth of answer required, they makers will not be able to give candidates many of the marks allocated to the particular question. Answer length As a very rough guide (and people’s writing varies in size), NEBOSH expect about a page and a half for the 20 mark question, and about half a page for the 8 mark questions. The action verbs are varied so that you should have enough time to give a reasonable response. It is absolutely crucial that candidates are familiar with the action verbs used in NEBOSH examinations, and that they understand what they actually  mean, so that they can produce the types of answers required, and obviously gain the benefits of increased mark potential. Listed below are the action verbs, together with examples of the sort of depth each verb requires. However, candidates are reminded that the examples given are in no way a guarantee of finite examples of the questions that may arise. 3 Define Define – provide a generally recognised or accepted definition. e.g. Define the term ‘ergonomics’. Ergonomics is the study of the interaction between workers and the work environment. 4 Describe Describe – give a word picture. e.g. Describe FOUR effects on health safety that might result from inadequate lighting. Inadequate lighting may cause a variety of effects on health and safety. 1. When using display screen equipment, inadequate lighting causes the eye muscles to work harder, this may cause headaches, temporary fatigue and even eyestrain. 2. Inadequate lighting may lead to increased levels of stress experience by workers as they may have to concentrate more on the work than would be required with a reasonable level of lighting being provided. 3. If lighting levels are poor, workers may not be aware of hazards at floor level, which may result in increased numbers of slips, trips and falls. 4. Workers who have inadequate lighting levels for the task they are carrying out may produce errors. These errors may, as a consequence, result in risks to their own health and safety or that of others. 5 Explain Explain – give a clear account of, or reasons for. e.g. Explain why it is important to use a variety of methods to communicate health and safety information in the workplace. People respond differently to different stimuli. Some will notice written information more readily, whilst others will respond to pictorial information or audible stimuli. Therefore effective promotion of health safety information needs to take account of these differences, and a range of different media should be used. Examples would be: †¢ Posters, which incorporate pictures, †¢ Handouts, †¢ Memos, †¢ Briefings, †¢ Videos. Etc. The use of different methods prevents workers becoming over-familiar with the materials. If display materials are changed regularly, people are more likely to notice them. This helps to re-enforce the desired message. Variety also helps to stimulate interest and hopefully increase motivation. If different methods of communication are used, workers are given more opportunity to provide feedback, or become involved. Whilst some will  willingly feedback verbally, others may be daunted by speaking out, but may prefer to reply in writing. Providing both methods for feedback would hopefully reach a greater number of people and provide a greater opportunity for staff involvement. Finally, different types of information require different methods of communication e.g. a complex safe system of work is more likely to be understood if given in writing, discussed and demonstrated, whereas a change in Fire Marshall could be announced at a staff meeting or displayed by the fire action notice, maybe along with the persons photograph. 6 Give Give – provide without explanation (used normally with the instruction to ‘give an example of†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢). e.g. For each of the following types of hazardous substance, give a typical example i) Toxic ii) Corrosive iii) Carcinogenic iv) Irritant i) toxic – lead ii) corrosive – strong acids iii) carcinogenic – asbestos iv) irritant – detergents 7 Identify Identify – select and name. e.g. Identify the three types of asbestos commonly found in buildings. The three types of asbestos are i) White (chrysotile) ii) Brown (amosite) iii) Blue – crocidolite) 8 List List – provide a list without explanation. e.g. List EIGHT observations made during an inspection of a machine operation which may suggest that the machine has not been ergonomically designed. i) the need for the operator to use excessive force ii) the need for repetitive movements by the operator iii) the need for the operator to stretch or stoop iv) machine controls sited in awkward positions v) unmarked or poorly marked controls or displays where their functions are not obvious vi) lack of visibility of the task by the operator vii) the workpiece is difficult to position because of its size or weight viii) difficulty experienced in changing, adjusting or cleaning the machine tools. 9 Outline Outline – give the most important features of (less depth than either ‘explain’ or ‘describe’, but more depth than list. e.g. Outline the sources and possible effects of FOUR non-mechanical hazards commonly encountered in a woodworking shop. Several non-mechanical hazards could be present including: i) Dust from sanding and sawing operations, which could lead to lung disorders and possibly cancer. ii) Chemical hazards from varnishes and glues which could lead to dermatitis, irritation of the airways and drowsiness. iii) Noise, which could lead to noise-induced hearing loss, tinnitus and stress. iv) Manual handling hazards which could cause musculoskeletal disorders. 10 Sketch Sketch – provide a simple line drawing using labels to identify specific features. e.g. A pneumatic drill is to be used during extensive repair work to the floor of a warehouse. Identify, by means of a labelled sketch, THREE possible transmission paths the noise from the drill could take. 1. Reflected noise from walls surfaces 2. Directly through the air from drill to person 3. Transmission through the structure of the building 11 State State – a less demanding form of ‘define’, or where there is no generally recognised definition. e.g. State the shape and colour, and give a relevant example, of EACH of the following types of safety sign: i) prohibition iii) mandatory ii) warning iv) emergency escape or first-aid. i) Prohibition signs have a white background within a red circle and with a diagonal red line – for example a no smoking sign. ii) Warning signs have a yellow background within a black triangle – for example, signs used to warn against the hazards of flammable materials, radiation electricity. iii)

Corporate Governance UK USA

Corporate Governance UK USA A statutory response to Corporate Governance: A Critique Compare and contrast UK and USA responses to Corporate Governance Introduction My dissertation will focus on the examination and the comparison of the corporate governance practices followed in UK and USA. The extensive reforms that have taken place in the particular sector have led to the development of many doubts regarding the effectiveness and the credibility of the corporate governance systems applied on these two countries. For this reason, the examination of the particular issue is considered to be really valuable offering to researchers and managers around the world the chance to understand the various aspects of corporate governance and align (where possible) their business strategies with the relevant corporate governance principles applied on each specific market (referring to the cases of UK and USA). Moreover, this study could help to the identification of any potential weaknesses of the corporate governance policies applied on UK and USA suggesting appropriate reforms on the relevant rules. Background: Business activities around the world have often caused the interest of governments within the particular states. The reason is that all parts of these activities need to be appropriately regulated in order to offer adequate and effective protection to the stakeholders and the public in general (referring mostly to protection from severe financial losses that can threat the viability of the company but even the level of the development of the local economy – when the firm under examination is a well established one, eg Enron). However, because there are many differences in corporate structure internationally, it is necessary for legislators to each specific state to try to adapt the legal principles that are related with business activity with the social and cultural characteristics of each particular state; the size of the firm and its culture should be also taken into consideration. The particular issue was examined by Douglas et al. (1989, 440) who noticed that ‘differ ences in environmental conditions in different country markets, in terms, for example, of market size and growth, rate of technological change, or barriers to entry, may also lead to differences in strategy’. In other words, corporate activity is a complex network of actions and initiatives that need a careful review and close monitoring by the governmental authorities in order to ensure the safety of the transactions without influencing the development of the various corporate projects. As noticed above, the dissertation will focus on the examination of a specific aspect of corporate activity: the corporate governance. The latter can refer to a series of elements within a particular organisation starting from the principles that should be applied to the governance of a firm up to the relationships between the employer (board of directors) and the employees. On the other hand, globally two major corporate governance systems are recognised: the liberal form of corporate governance (UK and USA) in which the interests of shareholders are considered to be the major priority for legislators when developing laws related with business activities. In accordance with the coordinative model (accepted mostly by Europe and Japan) the interests of other participants (in the corporate activities) like employees, customers and suppliers are considered to have a crucial role in the formulation of the laws regulating business activities. This study will refer primarily to the corpora te governance schemes applied in UK and USA. For this reason, the corporate governance system of these two countries will be analytically presented highlighting the potential differences and also the advantages of each one of them within the modern market. From another point of view, the examination of the various aspects of corporate governance cannot be achieved without the analytical presentation of the characteristics of corporate governance through an appropriately customised definition. In this context, it is stated by Buck et al. (2005, 42) that ‘corporate governance and governance institutions in general terms are concerned with the means by which a firms stakeholders control the decisions of senior managers; these stakeholders can include shareholders, executive directors, employees who are not executives, customers, creditors, suppliers (including banks as suppliers of credit), competitors, and the State’. From another point of view, Pedersen (1999, 45) supported that ‘corporate governance the mechanisms by which companies are controlled and directed is a complex subject that consists of owner-manager relations, stakeholder relations, board structures and practices, management compensation, capital struct ure, company law, and other variables’. Both the above definitions present the particular aspects of corporate governance within the modern market; no differentiation in corporate structure seems to be made in accordance with the principles of the state of activity (or the state of origin). On the other hand, the study of Fort (2000, 829) led to the conclusion that ‘corporate governance can be described as the top management process that manages and mediates value creation for, and value transference among, various corporate claimants in a context that ensures accountability to these claimants’. In accordance with the above definition the development of the various aspects of corporate activities is decided by the firm’s managers; the intervention of the state is rather limited. Indeed, the increase of the power of top management in modern businesses around the world is also highlighted by the literature and the empirical research. In a relevant report it is noticed that ‘the principal weakness of corporate governance today is the excessive concentration of power in the hands of top management; rebalancing or equalising this power is a prerequisite for controlling management fraud and promoting accurate financial reporting’ (CPA Journal, 2008). The above described concentration of power can have severe consequences for both the stakeholders and the public in general. In the case of Enron the concentration of power in the firm’s top managers led to the unexpected collapse of the firm and the development of severe turbulences in American economy. Literature Review Corporate governance – general aspects Firms that operate within the modern market have to face a series of challenges related with both their internal and external environment. In this context, it is supported by Wooldridge et al. (2001, 17) that ‘the main challenge for companies in a global economy is to situate themselves in various centers of excellence and weave together different centers of excellence into a global production network’. From a different point of view, Gooderham et al. (1999, 507) noticed that ‘despite their very different assumptions, both rational and institutional explanations of organizational structure and management practices predict similarity among firms that operate in the same industry within the context of a simple country’. In other words, the regulation of business activities today can be effective only if it takes into consideration the various aspects of these activities as they are formulated within the modern market – taking always into consideration t he changes in the needs of the firm’s shareholders but also in the needs of the stakeholders. On the other hand, it is clear that extensive differentiations can be observed in the methods of corporate governance applied to modern firms in accordance with the social and cultural characteristics of these firms but also the social and cultural context of the country in which the firms’ operations are based. The theoretical and empirical research has proved that significant differences can be observed in all aspects of business activities in accordance with the social and cultural characteristics of a specific region – where business activities are mainly developed. The differences mentioned above can refer to specific management issues or they can refer to all business context. In the case of British firms, Scullion (1994, 86) noticed that ‘very few British companies can claim to have a truly international top management team’. Other issues of corporate activity may be differentiated under the influence of the social and cultural trends applied on a specific country/ region. In order to understand the importance of corporate governance for the development of the business activities, we should refer primarily to a clear description of the interests existed within any corporation: the stakeholders from one side and the shareholders from the other. Regarding this issue, it is noticed that ‘stakeholders, broadly defined as society as a whole, are interested in the collateral benefits derived from the success of the enterprise, such as the abundance of a product or a service, a clean environment, or a general rise in the standard of living; stockholders have a dual interest in the success of the enterprise: direct interest as a reward for their investment, and collateral benefit as stakeholders’ (CPA Journal, 2008). The conflict of interests of these two sides can lead to the development of severe turbulences within the organization. On the other hand, in firms that the interests of both these sides are protected it is very likely that there will be no severe problems in the communication and the cooperation between these parties towards the increase of the firm’s performance. It should be noticed that the principles of corporate governance are primarily stated by the governmental authorities (referring to the firms of a particular country). Apart from these orders, the international community can intervene in the business activities presenting a series of standards that should be met in the corporate activities worldwide. OECD is a well known international organization that provides appropriate solutions to a series of issues related with international business activities. The specific organization has set several rules regarding the various aspects of corporate governance. In accordance with these rules: ‘’all shareholders should be treated equally; insider trading and abusive-self dealing should be prohibited; capital structures and arrangements that enable certain shareholders to obtain a degree of control disproportionate to their equity ownership should be disclosed’ (OECD, 2004, 18-19). It is clear from the above rules that inter national organizations can set rules regarding business activities around the world; however these rules can be characterized rather as ‘principles’ of commerce being similar with the ethics held in corporate activities worldwide. Corporate governance in Britain In the case of Britain, the regulation of business activities is realized through the application of a series of legislative texts and orders. The history of business activity in the particular country was examined by Pedersen (1999, 45) who noticed that ‘the industrial revolution took its beginning in the United Kingdom more than 250 years ago; therefore, the hypothesis of greater differentiation in the early industrialized nations than in later industrialized nations can be tested by examining the extent to which the corporate governance structures of U.K. firms are more or less similar to the governance structures of firms in other nations’. In other words, Britain is a country with a significant history in business activities. The importance of the latter in the economy should be considered as extremely high. For this reason the legislator pays a significant attention to the development of the appropriate legal framework for the regulation of the various aspects of c orporate governance. The above assumption is in accordance with the view of Kay (1995, 84) who supported that ‘British statute law is virtually silent on how corporations are to be organised; since the corporation is regarded as a creation of private contract, obligations on companies are mainly there to prevent abuse of the privilege of limited liability, and concern formal matters such as registration and audit’. Because of the above phenomenon, additional legislative texts (as described below) have been introduced and applied in order to support the effective regulation of all corporate governance in British firms (foreign firms that operate in Britain may have the right to claim the application of the laws of their country of origin – it depends on the law applicable on each case taking into account the firm’s articles of association but also the legislation of the country of origin and the country of operations). However, it could be noticed that the British statute law recognizes to the firm’s leaders (board of directors) the right to decide on the firm’s corporate governance. The legal framework applied in UK regarding the corporate governance includes a variety of legislative texts: ‘Common law rules (e.g. directors fiduciary duties). Statute (notably the Companies Act 1985). A companys constitutional documents (the memorandum and articles of association). The Listing Rules, which apply to all companies that are listed on the Official List (or AIM Rules, as appropriate). The Combined Code on Corporate Governance; the Code is supplemented by: the Turnbull Guidance (relating to the internal control requirements of the Code), the Smith Guidance (on audit committees and auditors) and suggestions of good practice from the Higgs Review. Non-legal guidelines issued by bodies that represent institutional investors (such as the Association of British Insurers (ABI), the National Association of Pension Funds (NAPF) and the Pensions Investment Research Consultants (PIRC). In the context of takeovers of public companies, the City Code on Takeovers and Mergers and the rules of the Takeover Panel apply. The Financial Services Authoritys Code of Market Conduct (relating to the disclosure and use of confidential and price sensitive information and the creation of a false market)’ (Metropolitan Corporate Cousel, 2008) In other words, corporate governance in Britain is regulated by a series of legal texts the most important of which is the Combined Code on Corporate Governance as described above. The specific Code includes provisions that refer to all particular aspects of corporate governance of firms operating in Britain; however because in some cases additional provisions may be required (like in the case of a merger) it is possible that other legislative texts are used in order for the relevant issues to be appropriately addressed. In any case the common law rules and the Companies Act of 1985 are applied (the former are rules that can be applied in any dispute – whenever necessary – whether the latter can be applied in any issue related with the business activity – i.e. not only to the corporate governance). Corporate governance in USA On the other hand, in USA there is no Code for the regulation specifically of the corporate governance issues; instead a series of laws and courts’ decisions can be used in order to resolve problems that are related with the corporate governance of firms operating across the country. There are certain issues that are regulated directly by the law but these are limited; in the high majority of the disputes appeared in the area of firms’ corporate governance various statutes and other legislative texts can be applied. In accordance with a report published recently in USA ‘corporate governance practices in the United States are not regulated by any one particular statute but instead are affected by the governing instruments, the corporate law and the court decisions of each issuer’s state of incorporation, and, in the case of many publicly-owned issuers, by the U.S. federal securities laws and requirements of the national securities markets (Security and Excha nge Commission of Brazil, 2008). On the other hand, it should be noticed that corporate governance issues are likely to be regulated differently by each one of the 50 states of USA. In this context, the Sarbanes-Oxley law which was introduced in 2002 has been formulated in order to offer a valuable legislative base for the regulation of various issues referring to the corporate governance of firms across USA. The above is considered to have influenced also the UK legislation related with the corporate governance. Regarding the specific legislative text it is noticed by Tran (2004) that ‘Sarbanes-Oxley, which called for tighter internal company controls, caused a rethink of   corporate governance laws in the UK as well, with the publication of the Higgs report, written by Derek Higgs, the former investment banker’. The effectiveness of Sarbanes-Oxley Act 2002 has been extensively criticized. In accordance with Atkins (commissioner in United States Securities and Exchan ge Commission, 2003) the specific legislative text ‘contains many advances for corporate governance and attempts to provide best practices to prevent the misdeeds that have led to the investor losses. Many of these ideas are not new, but have been floating around in one form or another for quite a number of years’ (Atkins, 2003). In other words, Sarbanes-Oxley Act has been introduced in order to resolve specific problems in corporate governance for firms operating in USA; in the long term the achievement of this target can be doubted and only the examination of the consequences of application of this Act in practice could lead to a ‘safe’ assumption regarding the particular issue. It is for this reason that the incorporation of the empirical research (questionnaire) in current study has been considered as necessary. Research question and objectives In accordance with the issues developed above, current study will focus on the regulation of corporate governance in two specific countries: UK and USA. Because the particular issues can include a variety of aspects, it is necessary for the relevant research to be expanded to the following questions: a) which is the current trends in corporate governance around the world, b) which are the major differences between the corporate governance practices followed by the Anglo-American countries and the countries of continental Europe/ Japan, c) which are the benefits and the pitfalls of the statutes and the other legislative texts applied on UK and USA regarding the corporate governance d) which are the most common problems related with the corporate governance in these two countries. References Atkins, P. (2003) Recent Experience With Corporate Governance in the USA, online, available at http://www.sec.gov/news/speech/spch062603psa.htm Buck, T., Shahrim, A. (2005) The Translation of Corporate Governance Changes across National Cultures: The Case of Germany. Journal of International Business Studies, 36(1): 42-69 CPA Journal (2008) A Comprehensive Structure of Corporate Governance in Post-Enron Corporate America http://www.nysscpa.org/cpajournal/2004/1204/essentials/p46.htm Fort, T., Schipani, C. (2000) Corporate Governance in a Global Environment: The Search for the Best of All Worlds. Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law, 33(4): 829-859 Kim, H. (1995) Markets, Financial Institutions, and Corporate Governance: Perspectives from Germany. Law and Policy in International Business, 26(2): 371-405 OECD Principles of Corporate Governance (2004), available at http://www.oecd.org/dataoecd/32/18/31557724.pdf Pedersen, T., Thomsen, S. (1999) Business Systems and Corporate Governance. International Studies of Management Organization, 29(2): 43-54 Scullion, H., (1994) ‘Staffing policies and strategic control in British multinationals’, International Studies of Management and Organization, 24(3): 86-97 Security and Exchange Commission of Brazil (2008) available at http://www.cvm.gov.br/ingl/inter/cosra/corpgov/usa-e.asp Tran, M. (2004) USA: Corporate Governance Law Too Strict available at http://www.corpwatch.org/article.php?id=11374 Metropolitan Corporate Counsel (2008) Corporate Governance In The UK And U.S. Comparison http://www.metrocorpcounsel.com/current.php?artType=viewartMonth=DecemberartYear=2005EntryNo=3957